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movie info: 23.976fps|/SubEdit b.3946 (http://subedit.prv.pl)/ Is this chart at a reasonable|height for you? Or do you want it lowered? - Fine.|- All right. Earlier tonight... Let me first ask the TV.|Are you ready? All set? Let me hear your voice level,|so it's the same. - How's my voice level?|- That's fine. Terrific. Now, I remember exactly|the sentence I left off on. I remember how it started,|and I was cut off in the middle. You can fix it up. I don't want to go back, because|I know exactly what I wanted to say. - Go ahead!|- Okay. Any military commander|who is honest with himself... ...or with those he's|speaking to will admit... ...that he has made mistakes|in the application of military power. He's killed people, unnecessarily. His own troops or other troops. Through mistakes,|through errors of judgment. A hundred, or thousands, or tens of|thousands, maybe even 100,000. But he hasn't destroyed nations.|And the conventional wisdom is... ...don't make the same mistake twice.|Learn from your mistakes. And we all do. Maybe we make|the same mistake three times... ...but hopefully not four or five. There'll be no learning period|with nuclear weapons. Make one mistake|and you're gonna destroy nations. In my life, I've been part of wars. Three years in the U.S. Army|during World War II. Seven years as secretary of defense|during the Vietnam War. Thirteen years at the World Bank.|Across the world. At my age, 85... ...l'm at an age|where I can look back... ...and derive some conclusions|about my actions. My rule has been, "try to learn." Try to understand what happened. Develop the lessons|and pass them on. This is the secretary of defense of|the United States, Robert McNamara. His department absorbs 10 percent|of the income of this country... ... and over half of every tax dollar. His job has been called|the toughest in Washington... ... and he is the most controversial|figure that has ever held the job. Walter Lippmann calls him both|the best secretary of defense... ... and the first one to ever assert|civilian control over the military. His critics call him a "con man,"|"an IBM machine with legs"... ..."an arrogant dictator." Mr. Secretary, I've noticed|in several cabinet offices... ... that little silver calendar thing there.|Can you explain that? Yes, this was given|by President Kennedy. ... 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23... ... 24, 25, 26, 27, and finally 28,|were the dates... ... when we literally look ed down|the gun barrel into nuclear war. Under a cloak of deceit... ...the Soviet Union introduced|nuclear missiles... ...into Cuba... ...targeting 90 million Americans. The CIA said the warheads|had not been delivered yet. They thought 20 were coming|on a ship named the Poltava. We mobilized 180,000 troops. The first day's air attack|was planned at 1080 sorties... ...a huge air attack. Kennedy was trying|to keep us out of war. I was trying to help him|keep us out of war. And General Curtis LeMay,|whom I served under... ...as a matter of fact,|in World War II, was saying: " Let's go in.|Let's totally destroy Cuba." On that critical Saturday,|October 27th... ...we had two Khrushchev|messages in front of us. One had come in Friday night,|and it had been dictated... ...by a man who was either drunk,|or under tremendous stress. Basically, he said, " If you'll|guarantee you won't invade Cuba... ...we'll take the missiles out." Then, before we could respond,|we had a second message... ...that had been dictated|by a bunch of hard-liners. And it said, in effect, " If you attack... ...we're prepared... ...to confront you with|masses of military power." So, what to do? We had the|soft message and the hard message. At the elbow of President Kennedy|was Tommy Thompson... ...former U.S. Ambassador to Moscow. He and Jane, his wife, had lived with|Khrushchevand his wife on occasion. Tommy Thompson said,|" Mr. President... ...I urge you to respond|to the soft message." The president said to Tommy,|"We can't. That'll get us nowhere." Tommy said,|" Mr. President, you're wrong." Now, that takes a lot of guts. In Thompson's mind was this thought: " Khrushchev's gotten|himself in a hell of a fix." He would then think to himself,|" My God... ...if I can get out of this with a deal|that I can say to the Russian people: 'Kennedy was going to destroy|Castro and I prevented it."' Thompson, knowing Khrushchev|as he did, thought: " Khrushchevwill accept that." And Thompson was right.|That's what I call empathy. We must try to put ourselves|inside their skin... ...and look at us|through their eyes... ...just to understand|the thoughts... ...that lie behind their decisions|and their actions. Khrushchev's advisors were saying: "There can be no deal... ...unless you somewhat|reduce the pressure on us... ...when you ask us to reduce|the pressure on you." Also, we had attempted|to invade Cuba. Well, with the Bay of Pigs. That|undoubtedly influenced their thinking. I think that's correct. But more importantly, from a Cuban|and a Russian point of view... ...they knew what, in a sense,|I really didn't know. We had attempted|to assassinate Castro... ...under Eisenhower and Kennedy,|and later, under Johnson. And in addition to that, major voices|in the U.S. Were calling for invasion. In the first message,|Khrushchevsaid this: "We and you ought not pull|on the ends of a rope... ...which you have tied|the knots of war. Because the more|the two of us pull... ...the tighter the knot will be tied. And then it will be necessary|to cut that knot... ...and what that would mean|is not for me to explain to you. I have participated in two wars|and know that war ends... ...when it has rolled through|cities and villages... ... everywhere sowing|death and destruction. For such is the logic of war. If people do not display wisdom... ...they will clash like blind moles... ...and then mutual annihilation|will commence." I want to say,|and this is very important: At the end, we lucked out. It was luck that prevented nuclear war. We came that close|to nuclear war at the end. Rational individuals.|Kennedy was rational. Khrushchevwas rational.|Castro was rational. Rational individuals came that close|to total destruction of their societies. And that danger exists today. The major lesson|of the Cuban Missile Crisis is this: The indefinite combination|of human fallibility... ...and nuclear weapons|will destroy nations. Is it right and proper... ...that today there are 7500 strategic|offensive nuclear warheads... ...of which 2500|are on 15-minute alert... ...to be launched by the decision|of one human being? It wasn't until January, 1992... ...in a meeting chaired by Castro|in Havana, Cuba... ...that I learned|162 nuclear warheads... ...including 90 tactical warheads... ...were on the island at the time|in this critical moment of the crisis. I couldn't believe|what I was hearing... ...and Castro got very angry with me,|because I said: " Mr. President, let's stop this meeting.|This is totally new to me. I'm not sure I got the translation right." Mr. President,|I have three questions. Number one, did you know|the nuclear warheads were there? Number two, if you did... ...would you have recommended|to Khrushchev... ...in the face of a U.S. Attack,|that he use them? Three, if he had used them,|what would've happened to Cuba? He said, "One,|I knew they were there. Two, I would not have|recommended to Khrushchev. I did recommend to Khrushchev|they be used. Three, what would happen to Cuba?|It would've been totally destroyed." That's how close we were. And he was willing to accept that? Yes... Oh, and he went on to say: " Mr. McNamara,|if you and President Kennedy... ...had been in a similar situation,|that's what you would've done." I said, " Mr. President, I hope to God|we would not have done it." Pull the temple down on our heads?|My God! In a sense, we'd won. We got the missiles out without war. My deputy and I brought|the five chiefs over... ...and we sat down with Kennedy.|And he said, "Gentlemen, we won. I don't want you ever to say it,|but you know we won, I know we won." And LeMay said,|"Won? Hell, we lost! We should go in|and wipe them out today." LeMay believed that ultimately... ...we'd confront these people|with nuclear weapons. And by God, we better do it|when we have greater superiority... ...than we will have in the future. At the time, we had a 17-to-1 strategic|advantage in nuclear numbers. We'd done 10 times|as many tests as they had. We were certain we could|retain that advantage... ...if we limited the tests.|The chiefs were all opposed. They said, "The Soviets will cheat." Well, I said, " How will they cheat?" You won't believe this,|but they said: "They'll test them behind the moon." I said, "You're out of your mind." That's absurd. It's almost impossible|for our people today... ...to put themselves back|into that period. In my seven years as secretary... ...we came within a hairsbreadth|of war with the Soviet Union... ...on three different occasions. Twenty-four hours a day,|365 days a year... ...for seven years as secretary|of defense, I lived the Cold War. During the Kennedy administration,|they designed a 100-megaton bomb. It was tested in the atmosphere.|I remember this. Cold War? Hell, it was a hot war. I think the human race|needs to think more about killing... ...about conflict. Is that what we want|in this 21 st century? My earliest memory|is of a city exploding with joy. It was November 11, 1918.|I was 2 years old. You may not believe|that I have the memory, but I do. I remember the tops|of the streetcars... ...being crowded|with human beings... ...cheering and kissing|and screaming. End of World War I. We'd won. But also celebrating the belief... ...of many Americans,|particularly Woodrow Wilson... ...we'd fought a war|to end all wars. His dream was... ...that the world could avoid|great wars in the future. Disputes among great nations|would be resolved. I also remember... ...that I wasn't allowed to go outdoors|to play with my friends... ...without wearing a mask. There was an ungodly flu epidemic. Large numbers of Americans|were dying, 600,000. And millions across the world. My class in the first grade was housed|in a shack, a wooden shack. But we had an absolutely|superb teacher. And this teacher gave a test|to the class every month... ...and she re- seated the class|based on the results of that test. There were vertical rows, and she put|the person with the highest grade... ...in the first seat|on the left-hand row. And I worked my tail off|to be in that first seat. Now, the majority of the classmates|were whites, Caucasians, so on. Wasps, if you will. But my competition for that first seat|were Chinese, Japanese and Jews. On Saturday and Sunday,|I played with my classmates. They went to their ethnic schools.|They learned their native language. They learned their culture, history. And they came back determined on|Monday to beat that damn Irishman. But they didn't do it very often. One congressman called you "Mr.|L- Have-All-The-Answers McNamara. " And there's been suggestion|from some congressmen... ... that you come up there,|in spite of their experience... ... prepared to give them|lessons in things. Is that your attitude? No. Perhaps they don't know|how much I don't know. And there is much indeed. I do mak e a serious effort... ... to prepare myself properly for these|congressional discussions. I suppose I spend, perhaps,|100 or 120 hours... ... in testifying before|Congress each year. And each hour of testimony requires|three to four hours of preparation. What about the contention that your|attitude is sometimes arrogant? Have you ever been wrong, sir? Oh, yes, indeed. My heavens. I'm not gonna tell you|when I've been wrong. If you don't know,|I'm not going to tell you. Oh, on countless occasions. I applied to Stanford University.|I very much wanted to go. But I couldn't afford it, so I lived|at home and I went to Berkeley. Fifty-two dollars a year tuition. I started Berkeley at the bottom|of the Depression. Twenty-five million males|were unemployed. Out of that class of 3500... ...three elected to Phi Beta Kappa|at the end of sophomore year. Of those three, one became|a Rhodes Scholar, I went to Harvard... ...the third went to work|for $65 a month... ...and was damn happy|to have the job. The society was on the verge of... ...I don't want to say revolution... ...although, had Roosevelt not done|some of the things he did... ...it could've become|far more violent. In any event, that was|what I was thrown into. I never heard of Plato and Aristotle... ...before I became|a freshman at Berkeley. And I remember the professor,|Lowenberg... ...the freshman|philosophy professor... I couldn't wait|to go to another class. I took more philosophy courses,|particularly one in logic... ...and one in ethics. Stress on values... ...something beyond one's self... ...and a responsibility to society. After graduating|University of California... ...I went to Harvard Graduate School|of Business for two years... ...and then I went back|to San Francisco. I began to court this young lady that|I'd met when we were 17... ...in our first week at Berkeley: Margaret Craig. And I was making some progress|after eight or nine months. I proposed and she accepted. She went with her aunt and her mother|on a trip across the country. She telegraphed me,|" Must order engraved invitations... ...to include your middle name,|what is it?" I wired back,|" My middle name is Strange." She said,|" I know it's strange, but what is it?" Well, I mean, it is Strange.|It's Robert Strange McNamara. And it was a marriage|made in heaven. At the end of a year,|we had our first child. The delivery costs were $100,|and we paid that $10 a month. Those were some of the happiest|days of our lives. And then the war came. I'd been promoted|to assistant professor. I was the youngest at Harvard. And on a salary, by the way,|of $4000 a year. Harvard Business School's|market was drying up. The males were being drafted|or volunteering. So the dean, being farsighted,|brought back a government contract... ...to establish an officer candidate|school for what was called... ...Statistical Control|in the Air Force. We said, " Look, we're not gonna|take anybody you send up here. We're gonna select the people." You have a punch card|for every human being... ...brought into the Air Corps. We're gonna run those punch cards|through the IBM sorting machines... ...and we're gonna sort on age,|education, accomplishment... ...grades, et cetera. We were looking for the best|and the brightest. The best brains,|the greatest capacity to lead... ...the best judgment. The U.S. Was just beginning to bomb. We were bombing by daylight. The loss rate was very, very high. So they commissioned a study.|And what did we find? We found the abort rate|was 20 percent. Twenty percent of the planes|leaving England... ...to bomb Germany turned around|before they got to the target. That was a hell of a mess.|We lost 20 percent of our capability. I think it was called Form 1 -A... ...or something like that|was a mission report. And if you aborted a mission,|you had to write down why. So we get all these things|and we analyse them... ...and we finally concluded: It was baloney. They were aborting out of fear. Because the loss rate|was four percent per sortie. The combat tour|was 25 sorties. It didn't mean 100 percent|would die... ...but a lot of them were gonna be|killed. They knew that... ...and they found reasons|to not go over the target. So we reported this. One of the commanders|was Curtis LeMay. Colonel in command of a B-24 group. He was the finest combat commander|of any service I came across in war. But he was extraordinarily belligerent,|many thought brutal. He got the report.|He issued an order. He said, " I will be in the|lead plane on every mission. Any plane that takes off|will go over the target... ...or the crew will be|court-martialed." The abort rate dropped overnight. Now, that's the kind|of a commander he was. Ladies and gentlemen,|the president of the United States. My friends, on this Christmas Eve... ... there are over 10 million men... ... in the Armed Forces of|the United States alone. One year ago,|1, 700, 000 were serving overseas. By next July first, that number|will rise to over five million. Plenty of bad news for the Japs|in the not-too-far-distant future. The U.S. Air Force had a new|airplane, named the B-29. The B-17 s and B-24s in Europe|bombed from 15, 16,000 feet. The problem was that they|were subject to antiaircraft fire... ...and to fighter aircraft. To relieve that, this B-29|was being developed... ...that bombed from high altitude... ...and it was thought we could destroy|targets more efficiently and effectively. I was brought back|from the 8th Air Force... ...and assigned to the first B-29s,|the 58th Bomb Wing. We had to fly those planes from|the bases in Kansas to India. Then we had to fly fuel|over the hump into China. The airfields were built|with Chinese labour. It was an insane operation. I can still remember them|hauling these huge rollers... ...to crush the stone|and make them flat. Somebody would slip,|the roller would roll over him... ... everybody would|laugh and go on. We were supposed|to take these B-29s... There were no tanker aircraft there.|We were to fill them with fuel... ...fly from India to Chengdu,|offload the fuel, fly back to India... ...make enough missions|to build up fuel in Chengdu... ...fly to Yawata, Japan, bomb|the steel mills and go back to India. We had so little training on this|problem of maximizing efficiency... ...we actually found, to get|some of the B-29s back... ...instead of offloading fuel,|they had to take it on. To make a long story short,|it wasn't worth a damn. And it was LeMay who really came to|that conclusion and led the chiefs... ...to move the whole thing to the|Marianas, which devastated Japan. LeMay was focused|on only one thing: Target destruction. Most Air Force generals can say|how many planes they had... ...how many tons of bombs they|dropped, or whatever it was. But he was the only person|that I knew... ...in the senior command in the|Air Force who focused solely... ...on the loss of his crews|per unit of target destruction. I was on the island of Guam,|in his command, in March of 1945. In that single night,|we burned to death... ...100,000 Japanese civilians|in Tokyo. Men, women and children. Were you aware this was|going to happen? Well, I was... ...part of a mechanism that,|in a sense, recommended it. I analysed bombing operations,|and how to make them more efficient. I.e., not more efficient in the sense of|killing more... ...but more efficient|in weakening the adversary. I wrote one report analysing... ...the efficiency|of the B-29 operations. The B-29 could get above the fighter|aircraft and above the air defense... ...so the loss rate|would be much less. The problem was, the accuracy|was also much less. Now, I don't want to suggest|that it was my report... ...that led to...|I'll call it the firebombing. It isn't that I'm absolving myself|of blame for the firebombing. I don't want to suggest that it was I... ...that put in LeMay's mind... ...that his operations|were totally inefficient... ...and had to be drastically changed.|But, anyhow, that's what he did. He took the B-29s|down to 5000 feet... ...and he decided to bomb|with firebombs. I participated in the interrogation... ...of the B-29 bomber crews|that came back that night. A room full of crewmen|and intelligence interrogators. A captain got up,|a young captain said: "Goddamn it, I'd like to know who|the son of a bitch was... ...that took this magnificent airplane,|designed to bomb from 23,000 feet... ...and he took it down to 5000 feet,|and I lost my wingman. He was shot and killed." LeMay spoke in monosyllables. I never heard him say... ...more than two words in sequence. It was basically, "Yes," " No," "Yep"... ..."That's all," or " Hell with it."|That was all he said. And LeMay was totally intolerant|of criticism. He never engaged in discussion|with anybody. He stood up. "Why are we here? Why are we here? You lost your wingman.|It hurts me as much as... ...it does you. I sent him there. And I've been there,|I know what it is. But you lost one wingman... ...and we destroyed Tokyo." Fifty square miles of Tokyo|were burned. Tokyo was a wooden city,|and when we dropped firebombs... ...it just burned it. The choice of incendiary bombs... ... where did that come from? I think the issue... ...is not so much incendiary bombs.|I think the issue is... ...in order to win, should you kill|100,000 people in one night? By firebombing or any other way? LeMay's answer would be,|clearly, "Yes." " McNamara, do you mean to say... ...that instead of killing 100,000... ...burning to death 100,000 Japanese|civilians in that one night... ...we should have burned to death|a lesser number or none? And then had our soldiers|cross the beaches in Tokyo... ...and been slaughtered|in tens of thousands? Is that what you're proposing?|Is that moral? Is that wise?" Why was it necessary to drop|the nuclear bomb... ...if LeMay was burning up Japan? And he went on from Tokyo|to firebomb other cities. 58 percent of Yokohama. Yokohama|is roughly the size of Cleveland. 58 percent of Cleveland destroyed. Tokyo is roughly the size of New York.|51 percent of New York destroyed. 99 percent of the equivalent|of Chattanooga, which was Toyama. 40 percent of the equivalent|of Los Angeles, which was Nagoya. This was all done before... ...the dropping|of the nuclear bomb. Which, by the way, was dropped|by LeMay's command. Proportionality should|be a guideline in war. Killing 50 to 90 percent... ...of the people|in 67 Japanese cities... ...and then bombing them|with two nuclear bombs... ...is not proportional,|in the minds of some people... ...to the objectives|we were trying to achieve. I don't fault Truman|for dropping the nuclear bomb. The U.S. -Japanese War was|one of the most brutal wars... ...in all of human history. Kamikaze pilots, suicide,|unbelievable. What one can criticize... ...is that the human race|prior to that time and today... ...has not really grappled with|what are, I'll call it "the rules of war." Was there a rule then that said you|shouldn't bomb, shouldn't kill... ...shouldn't burn to death 100,000|civilians in a night? LeMay said, " If we'd lost the war... ...we'd all have been prosecuted|as war criminals." And I think he's right. He, and I'd say I... ...were behaving as war criminals. LeMay recognized|that what he was doing... ...would be thought immoral... ...if his side had lost. But what makes it immoral if you lose|and not immoral if you win? At some point, we have to approach|Vietnam, and I want to know... ... how you can best|set that up for me. Yeah, well... ...that's a hard, hard question.|I think... I think we have to approach it|in the context of the Cold War. But first I'll have to talk about Ford. I've got to go back|to the end of the war. I had a terrible headache... ...so Marg drove me in|to the Air Force regional hospital. A week later, Marg came in... ...many of the same symptoms. It's hard to believe, and I don't think|I've heard of another case... ...where two individuals,|husband and wife... ...came down, essentially,|at the same time with polio. We were both in the hospital|on V-J Day. A friend of mine said: "We're gonna find a corporation|in America that needs... ...the advice and capabilities|of this extraordinary group... ...l'm forming and you gotta be in it." I said, "To hell with it.|I'm going back to Harvard. Marg and I wanna do that.|I'm gonna spend my life there." He said, " Look, Bob,|you can't pay Marg's hospital bills. You're crazy as hell."|He said, " By the way... ...the company that most needs|our help in all the U.S. Is Ford." I said, " How'd you learn that?"|" I read an article in Life magazine." Of the top 1000 executives at Ford... ...I don't believe there were|10 college graduates... ...and Henry Ford II needed help. They were gonna give us tests. Two full days of testing... ...intelligence tests, achievement tests,|personality tests, you name it. This sounds absurd, but I remember|a question on one of the tests was: "Would you rather be a florist|or a coal miner?" I had been a florist.|I worked as a florist... ...during some of my|Christmas vacations. I put down coal miner.|I think the reasons are obvious to you. This group of 10 people|had been trained... ...in the officer candidate school|at Harvard. In some tests we had the highest|marks that had ever been scored. In other tests, we were in the upper|one percentile. From 1926 to 1946,|including the war years... ...Ford Motor Company|just barely broke even. It was a God-awful mess. I thought we had a responsibility|to the stockholders... ...and God knows you cannot believe|how bad the situation had been. They had no market research|organization. I set one up. Manager said,|"What do you want studied?" I said, " Find out who's|buying Volkswagens. Everybody says it's a no-good car. It was only selling about|20,000 a year... ...but I want to know|what's gonna happen. Is it gonna stay the same,|go down, or go up? Find out who buys them." He came back six months later,|he said: "Well, they're professors, and they're|doctors and they're lawyers... ...and they're obviously people|who can afford more." Well, that set me to thinking about|what we in the industry should do. Was there a market we were missing? At this time nobody believed|Americans wanted cheaper cars. They wanted|conspicuous consumption. Cadillac, with these huge,|ostentatious fins... ...set the style for the industry|for 10 or 15 years. And that's what we were up against. We introduced the Falcon|as a more economical car... ...and it was a huge success|profit-wise. We accomplished a lot. I said, "What about accidents?|I hear a lot about accidents." "Oh, yes, we'll get you|some data on that." There were about 40,000 deaths|per year from automobile accidents... ...and about a million,|or a million-two injuries. I said, "What causes it?"|" It's obvious. It's human error|and mechanical failure." I said, " If it's mechanical,|we might be involved. Find out. If it's mechanical failure,|I want to stop it." Well, he said, "There's really|very few statistics available." I said, " Damn it, find out|what can we learn." "The only place we can find|that knows anything about it... ...is Cornell Aeronautical Labs." They said,|"The major problem is packaging." They said, "You buy eggs and you|know how eggs come in a carton?" I said, " I don't buy eggs.|My wife does it." They said, "Well, you ask her,|when she puts that carton down... ...on the drain board when she gets|home, do the eggs break?" I asked Marg and she said no. Cornell said, "That's because|they're packaged properly. Now, if we packaged people in cars|the same way... ...we could reduce the breakage." We lacked lab facilities,|so we dropped human skulls... ...in different packages, down the|stairwells of the dormitories at Cornell. Well, that sounds absurd,|but that guy was absolutely right. It was packaging|which could make the difference. In a crash, the driver was often|impaled on the steering wheel. The passenger was often injured|because he'd hit the windshield... ...or the header bar,|or the instrument panel. So in the 1956 model Ford|we introduced steering wheels... ...that prevented being impaled.|We introduced... ...padded instrument panels,|and we introduced seat belts. We estimated if there would be|100 percent use of the seat belts... ...we could save 20-odd thousand|lives a year. Everybody was opposed to it. You couldn't get people|to use seat belts. But those who did saved their lives. Now, let me jump ahead. It's July, 1960. John Bugas, vice president,|industrial relations... ...clearly had his eyes on|becoming president. I'm the group vice president in charge|of all of the car divisions. Henry was a night owl.|He always wanted to go out. You know, it's 2 a.m. Or something. He said, " Come up, have a nightcap."|" I don't want one, I'm going to bed." John said, " I'll come up, Henry."|" I didn't ask you. I asked Bob." He said, " Bob, come on up."|So I finally went up. That's when he asked me|to be president. I was the first president in the history|of the company... ...that had ever been president other|than a member of the Ford family. And after five weeks, I quit. The telephone rang... ...a person comes on and says:|" I'm Robert Kennedy. My brother, Jack Kennedy,|would like you... ...to meet our brother- in-law,|Sargent Shriver." Four o'clock, Sarge comes in.|Never met him. And he said, " I've been authorized|by my brother- in-law... ...Jack Kennedy, to offer you the|position of secretary of the treasury." "You're crazy.|I know a little about finance... ...but I'm not qualified|for that position." "Anticipating you might say that,|the president-elect... ...authorized me to offer you|the secretary of defense." " I was in World War II for|three years... ...but secretary of defense?|I'm not qualified for that." He said, "Anticipating that... ...would you do him the courtesy|of agreeing to meet with him?" So I go home. I meet with Marg. If I could appoint every senior official|in the department... ...and if I was guaranteed|I wouldn't have to... ...be part of that damn Washington|social world. She said, "Well, okay, why don't you|write a contract with the president... ...and if he'll accept those|conditions, do it." My total net worth at the time|was on the order of $800,000... ...but I had huge unfulfilled|stock options worth millions. And I was one of the highest-paid|executives in the world. And the future was brilliant. We had called our children in. Their life would be totally changed. The salary of a cabinet secretary then|was $25,000 a year. So we explained to the children... ...they'd be giving up a few...|They could care less. Marg could care less. It was snowing. The Secret Service took me|in the house by the back way. I can still see it. There's a loveseat... ...two armchairs with a lamp table|in between. Jack Kennedy is sitting in one... ...and Bobby Kennedy's sitting|in the other. " Mr. President, it's absurd.|I'm not qualified." " Look, Bob..." He said, " I don't think there's any|school for presidents either. Let's announce it now.|I'll write the announcement." So he wrote out the announcement,|we walk out the front door. All of these television cameras|and press, till hell wouldn't have it. That's how Marg learned|I had accepted. It was on television, live. All right, why don't we do some|pictures afterwards. I've asked Robert McNamara... ...to assume the responsibilities|of secretary of defense. And I'm glad and happy to say that|he has accepted this responsibility. Mr. McNamara leaves the presidency|of the Ford company... ...at great personal sacrifice. That's the way it began. You know, it was a traumatic period. My wife probably got ulcers from it... ...may even ultimately have died from|the stress. My son got ulcers. It was very traumatic but... ...they were some of the best years|of our life... ...and all members of my family|benefited from it. It was terrific. October 2nd. I had returned from Vietnam. At that time, we had 16,000|military advisors. I recommended to President Kennedy|and to the Security Council... ...that we establish a plan|and an objective... ...of removing all of them within|two years. Kennedy announced we were going to|pull out all our military advisors... ...by the end of '65, going to take 1000|out at the end of '63, and we did. But there was a coup|in South Vietnam. Diem was overthrown... ...and he and his brother were killed. I was present with the President... ...when together we received|information of that coup. I've never seen him... ...more upset.|He totally blanched. Kennedy and I had tremendous|problems with Diem, but my God... ...he was the authority.|He was the head of state. And he was overthrown|by a military coup. And Kennedy knew and I knew,|that to some degree... ...the U.S. Government was|responsible for that. I was in my office in the Pentagon... ...when the telephone rang|and it was Bobby. The President had been shot|in Dallas. Perhaps 45 minutes later,|Bobby called again... ...and said the president|was dead. Jackie would like me|to come out to the hospital. We took the body to the White House|about whatever it was, 4 a. M... ...and called the superintendent|of Arlington Cemetery. And he and I... ...walked over those grounds. They're hauntingly beautiful grounds. White crosses, row and row. And finally I thought I'd found|the exact spot... ...the most beautiful spot|in the cemetery. I called Jackie at the White House... ...and asked her to come out there.|She immediately accepted. And that's where the president|is buried today. A park service ranger came up to me|and said that he... He had... ... escorted President Kennedy|on a tour of those grounds... ...a few weeks before. And Kennedy said... ...that was the most|beautiful spot in Washington. That's where he's buried. I will do my best. That is all I can do. I ask for your help... ... and God's. Mak e no bones of this. Don't try to sweep this under the rug. We are at war in Vietnam. And yet the president... ... and his secretary of defense|continues to mislead... ... and misinform the American people,|and enough of it's gone by. On August 2nd... ...the destroyer Maddox reported it|was attacked... ...by a North Vietnamese patrol boat. It was an act of aggression against us.|We were in international waters. I sent officials from the Defense|Department out and we recovered... ...pieces of shells that were|clearly identified... ...as North Vietnamese|from the Maddox's deck. So there was no question in my mind|that it had occurred. But, in any event, we didn't respond. And it was very difficult. It was difficult for the president. There were very, very senior people,|in uniform and out, who said: " My God, this president is..." They didn't use the word "coward,"|but in effect... ..." He's not protecting|the national interest." Two days later the Maddox and|the Turner Joy, two destroyers... ...reported they were attacked. There were sonar soundings.|Torpedoes had been detected. Other indications of attack|from patrol boats. We spent 10 hours that day trying to|find out what the hell had happened. At one point the commander said,|"We're not certain of the attack." Another point they said,|"We're positive." Then finally, late in the day,|Admiral Sharp said: "Yes, we're certain it happened." So I reported this to Johnson,|and as a result... ...there were bombing attacks|on targets in North Vietnam. Johnson said,|"We may have to escalate. I'm not gonna do it without|Congressional authority." And he put forward a resolution,|the language of which... ...gave complete authority to|the president to take the nation to war: The Tonkin Gulf Resolution. Now, let me go back|to the August 4th attack. It was just confusion.|And events afterwards showed... ...that our judgment that we'd been|attacked that day was wrong. It didn't happen. And the judgment that we'd been|attacked on August 2nd... ...which we'd made, was right.|We had been. Although that was disputed|at the time. So we were right once|and wrong once. Ultimately, President Johnson|authorized bombing in response... ...to what he thought|had been the second attack. It hadn't occurred, but that's irrelevant|to the point I'm making here. He authorized the attack on|the assumption it had occurred. And his belief that it was|a conscious decision... ...by the North Vietnamese political|and military leaders... ...to escalate the conflict... ...and an indication they would|not stop short of winning. We were wrong. But we had in our minds|a mindset that led to that action. And it carried such heavy costs. We see incorrectly, or we see|only half of the story at times. - We see what we want to believe.|- You're absolutely right. Belief and seeing. They're both often wrong. We Americans know,|although others appear to forget... ... the risk of spreading conflict. We still seek no wider war. We introduced " Rolling Thunder"... ...which, over the years, became a|very, very heavy bombing program. Two to three times as many bombs|as were dropped... ...on Western Europe during|all of World War II. This is not primarily|a military problem. It's a battle for the hearts and minds|of the people of South Vietnam. As a prerequisite, we must be able|to guarantee their physical security. It was announced today that total|American casualties in Vietnam... ... now number 4877|including 748 killed. Secretary of Defense McNamara, on|each of his seven trips to Vietnam... ... has found some positive aspect|of the course of the war. The most vivid impression|I'm bringing back is... ... that we've stopped losing the war. The North Vietnamese, we believe,|have nine regiments of their army... Some of the men had a little training|in a park in Kentucky before coming. But it didn't prepare them for thick et|of trees, spik ed vines, thorn bushes... ... almost perpendicular cliffs,|90-degree temperatures, insects... This has changed from a nasty little|war to a nasty middle-sized war. The Vietnamese are still doing most|of the fighting and most of the dying... ... but week after week,|American casualty figures go up. Now, America wins the wars that she|undertak es. Mak e no mistak e about it. And we have declared war|on tyranny and aggression. If this little nation goes down the drain|and can't maintain independence... ... ask yourself what's gonna happen|to all the other little nations. Let me go back one moment. In the Cuban Missile Crisis,|at the end... ...I think we did put ourselves|in the skin of the Soviets. In the case of Vietnam, we didn't|know them well enough to empathize. And there was total misunderstanding|as a result. They believed we had simply replaced|the French as a colonial power... ...and we were seeking to subject|South and North Vietnam... ...to our colonial interests,|which was absolutely absurd. And we, we saw Vietnam as|an element of the Cold War. Not what they saw it as, a civil war. There aren't many examples... ...in which you bring|two former enemies together... ...at the highest levels,|and discuss what might have been. I formed the hypothesis|that each of us could have... ...achieved our objectives|without the terrible loss of life. And I wanted to test that|by going to Vietnam. The former foreign minister|of Vietnam... ...a wonderful man named Thach|said, "You're totally wrong. We were fighting for independence.|You were fighting to enslave us." We almost came to blows.|That was noon on the first day. " Do you mean to say it was|not a tragedy for you... ...when you lost 3,400,000|Vietnamese killed... ...which on our population base is the|equivalent of 27 million Americans? What did you accomplish? You didn't get more than we were|willing to give at the start. You could've had the whole damn|thing: Independence, unification." " Mr. McNamara, you must never|have read a history book. If you had, you'd know we weren't|pawns of the Chinese or the Russians. Didn't you know that? Don't you understand that we've been|fighting the Chinese for 1000 years? We were fighting for independence,|and we'd fight to the last man. We were determined to... ...and no amount of bombing or U.S.|Pressure would've ever stopped us." What makes us omniscient? Have we a record of omniscience? We are the strongest nation|in the world today. I do not believe we should ever... ...apply that economic, political|or military power unilaterally. If we had followed that rule in Vietnam,|we wouldn't have been there. None of our allies supported us. Not Japan, not Germany,|not Britain or France. If we can't persuade nations|with comparable values... ...of the merit of our cause,|we'd better re- examine our reasoning. Americans suffered the heaviest|casualties of the war last week. 543 killed in action. Another 1247|were wounded and hospitalised. The deaths raise the U.S. Total|in the war so far to 18, 239. South Vietnamese put their losses|for the week at 522 killed. Communist losses|were not reported. Contributing to those casualties has|been the Communist bombardment... ... of the Marine outpost|at Khe Sanh. There, the North Vietnamese have|been tightening their ring around... The military expects|a full-scale assault. To what extent did you feel|that you were the author of stuff... ... or that you were an instrument|of things outside of your control? Well, I don't think I felt either. I just felt that I was serving|at the request of a president... ...who'd been elected|by the American people. And it was my responsibility|to try to help him... ...to carry out the office as he believed|was in the interest of our people. What is morally appropriate|in a wartime environment? Let me give you an illustration. While I was secretary... ...we used what's called|"Agent Orange" in Vietnam. A chemical that strips leaves|off of trees. After the war, it is claimed that|that was a toxic chemical... ...and it killed many individuals... ...soldiers and civilians|exposed to it. Were those who issued the approval|to use Agent Orange criminals? Were they committing a crime|against humanity? Let's look at the law. Now, what kind of law|do we have that says... ...these chemicals are acceptable|in war and these chemicals are not. We don't have clear definitions|of that kind. I never in the world would have|authorized an illegal action. I'm not really sure I authorized|Agent Orange, I don't remember it. But it certainly occurred, the use|of it occurred while I was secretary. Norman Morrison was a Quaker. He was opposed to war,|the violence of war, the killing. He came to the Pentagon,|doused himself with gasoline. Burned himself to death|below my office. He held a child in his arms,|his daughter. Passers-by shouted, "Save the child!"|He threw the child... ...out of his arms, and the child lived|and is alive today. His wife issued|a very moving statement: " Human beings must stop killing|other human beings." And that's a belief that I shared. I shared it then and I believe it|even more strongly today. How much evil must we do|in order to do good? We have certain ideals,|certain responsibilities. Recognize that at times you will have|to engage in evil, but minimize it. I remember reading that|General Sherman, in the Civil War... ...the mayor of Atlanta pleaded|with him to save the city. And Sherman essentially|said to the mayor... ...just before he torched it|and burned it down: "War is cruel. War is cruelty." That was the way LeMay felt. He was trying to save the country. He was trying to save our nation. And in the process, he was prepared|to do whatever killing was necessary. It's a very, very difficult position|for sensitive human beings to be in. Morrison was one of those.|I think I was. 50,000 people came to Washington|to demonstrate against the war. About 20,000 of them marched|on the Pentagon. The Pentagon is a very, very difficult|building to defend. We placed troops carrying rifles|around it. U.S. Marshals in front of the soldiers. But I told the president,|not a rifle would be loaded... ...without my personal permission. And I wasn't gonna grant it. What effect did all of this dissent|have on your thinking? I mean, Norman Morrison is '65.|This is '67. Well, it was a very tense period. Very tense period for my family,|which I don't want to discuss. How was your thinking changing|during this period? I don't think my thinking|was changing. We were in the Cold War.|And this was a Cold War... ...activity. Some commentators have said the|war is turning into a kind of stalemate. No, no. I think on the contrary... ... as General Westmoreland|has pointed out... ... in recent weeks in Saigon,|the military operations... ... the large-unit military operations|continue to... ... show very substantial progress. One of the lessons I learned early on:|Never say never. Never, never, never. Never say never. And secondly... ...never answer the question|that is asked of you. Answer the question that you wish|had been asked of you. And quite frankly, I follow that rule. It's a very good rule. When you talk about the responsibility|for something lik e the Vietnam War... ... whose responsibility is it? It's the president's responsibility. I don't want to fail to recognize... ...the tremendous contribution|I think Johnson made to the country. I don't want to put the responsibility|for Vietnam on his shoulders alone... ...but I do... I am inclined to believe|that if Kennedy had lived... ...he would've made a difference. We|wouldn't have had 500,000 men there. Two very telling photographs. One of them has Johnson like this: You can just see him thinking,|" My God, I'm in a hell of a mess. And this guy is trying to tell me|to do something... ...that I know is wrong|and I'm not gonna do. But how the hell|am I gonna get out of this?" The other photograph,|you can see me saying: "Jesus Christ. I love this man,|I respect him, but he's totally wrong. What am I gonna do?" Johnson couldn't persuade me,|and I couldn't persuade him. I had this enormous respect|and affection, loyalty... ...to both Kennedy and Johnson. But at the end, Johnson and I|found ourselves poles apart. And I said to a very close and dear|friend of mine, Kay Graham... " Even to this day, Kay, I don't know|whether I quit or was fired." She said, "You're out of your mind.|You were fired." November 1, 1967. I presented a memo to Johnson|that said: "The course we're on is totally wrong. We've gotta change it. Cut back at what we're doing|in Vietnam. We gotta reduce the casualties,"|and so on. It was an extraordinarily|controversial memo. And I took it to him.|I delivered it myself. " Mr. President, nobody has seen this. Not Dean Rusk, not the chairman|of the Joint Chiefs. Nobody." " I know that it may contain|recommendations and statements... ...that you do not agree with|or support." I never heard from him. Something had to give. There was a rumour I was facing|a mental breakdown... ...I was under such pressure|and stress. I don't think that was the case at all. But it was a really traumatic departure. That's the way it ended. Except for one thing. He awarded me|the Medal of Freedom... ...in a very beautiful ceremony|at the White House. And he was very, very|warm in his comments. And I became so emotional,|I could not... ...respond. Mr. President... ... I cannot find words... ... to express what lies|in my heart today. And I think I'd better respond|on another occasion. And had I responded,|I would have said: " I know what many of you|are thinking. You're thinking this man|is duplicitous. You're thinking that he has|held things close to his chest. You're thinking that... ...he did not respond fully... ...to the desires and wishes|of the American people. I wanna tell you you're wrong." Of course he had|personal idiosyncrasies. No question about that. He didn't accept all the advice|he was given. On several occasions, his associates|advised him to be more forthcoming. He wasn't. People did not understand there were|recommendations and pressures... ...that would carry the risk of war|with China and of nuclear war. And he was determined to prevent it. I'm arguing that he had a reason|in his mind for doing what he did. And, of course,|shortly after I left... ...Johnson concluded|that he couldn't continue. At this point, how many Americans|had been killed in Vietnam? About 25,000. Less than half... ...of the number|ultimately killed, 58,000. Historians don't really like|to deal with counterfactuals... ...with what might have been. They want to talk about history. " How the hell do you know,|McNamara, what might have been? Who knows?" Well, I know certain things. What I'm doing is thinking it through|with hindsight. But you don't have hindsight|available at the time. I'm very proud|of my accomplishments. And I'm very sorry that in the process|of accomplishment, I've made errors. We all make mistakes. We know we make mistakes. I don't know any military commander|who is honest... ...who would say he has not|made a mistake. There's a wonderful phrase: "The fog of war." What "the fog of war" means is: War is so complex it's beyond|the ability of the human mind... ...to comprehend|all the variables. Our judgment, our understanding,|are not adequate. And we kill people unnecessarily. Wilson said,|"We won the war to end all wars." I'm not so naive or simplistic|to believe we can eliminate war. We're not gonna change|human nature any time soon. It isn't that we aren't rational.|We are rational. But reason has limits. There's a quote from T.S. Eliot|that I just love: "We shall not cease from exploring... ...and at the end of our exploration,|we will return to where we started... ...and know the place|for the first time." Now that's, in a sense,|where I'm beginning to be. After you left|the Johnson administration... ... why didn't you speak out|against the Vietnam War? I'm not going to say any more|than I have. These are the kinds of questions|that get me in trouble. You don't know what I know about how|inflammatory my words can appear. A lot of people|misunderstand the war... ...misunderstand me. A lot of people think|I'm a son of a bitch. Do you feel in any way|responsible for the war? Do you feel guilty? I don't want to go into|further discussion. It just opens up more controversy. I don't wanna add anything|to Vietnam. It is so complex that anything I say... ...will require additions|and qualifications. Is it the feeling that you're|damned if you do... ... and if you don't,|no matter what...? Yeah, that's right. And I would rather be|damned if I don't. Subtitles by SDI Media Group Synchro by Laukas >> Napisy pobrane z http://napisy.org <<|>>>>>>>> nowa wizja napisów <<<<<<<< |
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The Show Where Sam Shows Up Frasier 02x17 - Daphnes Room Frasier 02x18 - The Club Frasier 02x19 - Someone to Watch Over Me Frasier 02x20 - Breaking the Ice Frasier 02x21 - An Affair to Forget Frasier 02x22 - Agents In America Part 3 Frasier 02x23 - The Innkeepers Frasier 02x24 - Dark Victory Freddys Revenge A Fredrikssons Fabrikk Free Willy 1993 Free Willy 2 - The Adventure Home Free Willy 3 - The Rescue Freeway (Sous-titres) French Connection II (1975) French Connection The Frenzy (1972) Fresh (1994) Fresh Bait 1995 Friday Friday Night (2002) Friday the 13th Friday the 13th Part 8 Friends - 02x03 - the one where heckles dies Friends - 02x09 - the one with with phoebes dad Friends - 02x11 - the one with the lesbian wedding Friends - 02x13 - the one after the superbowl part 2 Friends - 02x15 - the one where ross and rachel you know Friends - 02x16 - the one where joey moves out Friends - 02x18 - the one where dr ramoray dies Friends - 02x20 - the one where old yeller dies Friends - 02x22 - 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3x08 - The One With the Giant Poking Device Friends - 3x09 - The One With the Football Friends - 3x10 - The One Where Rachel Quits Friends - 3x11 - The One Where Chandler Cant Remember Friends - 3x12 - The One With All the Jealousy Friends - 3x13 - The One Where Monica and Richard Friends - 3x14 - The One With Phoebes Ex-Partner Friends - 3x15 - The One Where Ross and Rachel Take Friends - 3x16 - The One the Morning After Friends - 3x17 - The One Without the Ski Trip Friends - 3x18 - The One With the Hypnosis Tape Friends - 3x19 - The One With the Tiny T-Shirt Friends - 3x20 - The One With the Dollhouse Friends - 3x21 - The One With a Chick and a Duck Friends - 3x22 - The One With the Screamer Friends - 3x23 - The One With Rosss Thing Friends - 3x24 - The One With Ultimate Fighting Champ Friends - 3x25 - The One at the Beach Friends - 4x01 - The One With the Jellyfish Friends - 4x02 - The One With the Cat Friends - 4x03 - The One With the Cuffs Friends - 4x04 - The One With the Ballroom Dancing Friends - 4x05 - The One With Joeys New Girlfriend Friends - 4x06 - The One With the Dirty Girl Friends - 4x07 - The One Where Chandler Crosses Friends - 4x08 - The One With Chandler in a Box Friends - 4x09 - The One Where They are Going Friends - 4x10 - The One With the Girl from Friends - 4x11 - The One With Phoebes Uterus Friends - 4x12 - The One With the Embryos Friends - 4x13 - The One With Rachels Crush Friends - 4x14 - The One With Joeys Dirty Day Friends - 4x15 - The One With All the Rugby Friends - 4x16 - The One With the Fake Party Friends - 4x17 - The One With the Free Porn Friends - 4x18 - The One With Rachels New Dress Friends - 4x19 - The One With All the Haste Friends - 4x20 - The One With All the Wedding Dresses Friends - 4x21 - The One With the Invitation Friends - 4x22 - The One With the Worst Best Man Ever Friends - 4x23 - The One With Rosss Wedding - part 1 Friends - 4x24 - The One With Rosss Wedding - part 2 Friends - 5x01 - The One After Ross Says Rachel Friends - 5x02 - The One With All the Kissing Friends - 5x03 - The One Hundreth Friends - 5x04 - The One Where Phoebe Hates PBS Friends - 5x05 - The One With the Kips Friends - 5x06 - The One With the Yeti Friends - 5x07 - The One Where Ross Moves In Friends - 5x08 - The One With All the Thanksgivins Friends - 5x09 - The One With Rosss Sandwich Friends - 5x10 - The One With the Inappropiate Sister Friends - 5x11 - The One With All the Resolutions Friends - 5x12 - The One With Chandlers Work Laugh Friends - 5x13 - The One With Joeys Bag Friends - 5x14 - The One Where Everyone Finds Out Friends - 5x15 - The One With the Girl Who Hits Joey Friends - 5x16 - The One With the Cop Friends - 5x17 - The One With Rachels Friends - 5x18 - The One Where Rachel Smokes Friends - 5x19 - The One Where Ross Cant Flirt Friends - 5x20 - The One With the Ride-Along Friends - 5x21 - The One With the Ball Friends - 5x22 - The One With Joeys Big Break Friends - 5x23 - The One in Vegas Friends - 6x01 - The One After Vegas Friends - 6x02 - The One Where Ross Hugs Rachel Friends - 6x03 - The One With Rosss Denial Friends - 6x04 - The One Where Joey Loses His Friends - 6x05 - The One With Joeys Porsche Friends - 6x06 - The One On the Last Night Friends - 6x07 - The One Where Phoebe Runs Friends - 6x08 - The One With Rosss Teeth Friends - 6x15 Friends 7x01 - The One with Monicas Thunder Friends 7x02 - The One With Rachels Book Friends 7x03 - The One With Phoebes Cookies Friends 7x04 - The One With Rachels Assistant Friends 7x05 - The One With The Engagement Picture Friends 7x06 - The One With The Nap Partners Friends 7x07 - The One with Rosss Library Book Friends 7x08 - The One Where Chandler Doesnt Like Dogs Friends 7x09 - The One With All the Candy Friends 7x10 - The One With The Holiday Armadillo Friends 7x11 - The One With All The Cheesecakes Friends 7x12 - The One Where They are Up All Night Friends 7x13 - The One Where Rosita Dies Friends 7x14 - The One Where They All Turn Thirty Friends 7x15 - The One With Joeys New Brain Friends 7x16 - The One With the Truth About London Friends 7x17 - The One With the Cheap Wedding Dress Friends 7x18 - The One With Joeys Award Friends 7x19 - The One With Ross and Monicas Cousin Friends 7x20 - The One With Rachels Kisses Friends 7x21 - The One With the Vows Friends 7x22 - The One With Chandlers Dad Friends 7x23 - The One With Monica and Chandlers Wedding Part 1 Friends 7x24 - The One With Monica and Chandlers Wedding Part 2 Friends 9x01 - The One Where No One Proposes Friends 9x02 - The One Where Emma Cries Friends 9x03 - The One With The Pediatrician Friends 9x04 - The One With The Sharks Friends 9x05 - The One With Phoebes Birthday Dinner Friends 9x06 - The One With The Male Nanny Friends 9x07 - The One With Rosss Inappropriate Song Friends 9x08 - The One With Rachels Other Sister Friends 9x09 - The One With Rachels Phone Number Friends 9x10 - The One With Christmas In Tulsa Friends 9x11 - The One Where Rachel Goes Back To Work Friends 9x12 - The One With Phoebes Rats Friends 9x13 - The One Where Monica Sings Friends 9x14 - The One With The Blind Dates Friends 9x15 - The One With The Mugging Friends 9x16 - The One With The Boob Job Friends 9x17 - The One With The Memorial Service Friends 9x18 - The One With The Lottery Friends 9x19 - The One With Rachels Dream Friends 9x20 - The One With The Soap Opera Party Friends 9x21 - The One With The Fertility Test Friends 9x22 - The One With The Donor Friends 9x23-24 - The One In Barbados 1 2) Frisson des vampires Le From Beijing with love From Dusk Till Dawn From Dusk Till Dawn 3 The Hangmans Daughter From Hell From Justin To Kelly (Special Edition) Frontera La Frusta e il corpo La Fucking Amal Fudoh The New Generation 1996 Fugitive The - The Chase Continues Fugitives (2000) Fukssvansen (Chop Chop) Full Frontal 2002 Full Metal Jacket Full Time Killer Fun Movie (2002 Korean) CD1 Fun Movie (2002 Korean) CD2 Fun in Acapulco (Richard Thorpe 1963) Funeral Parade of Roses Funeral in Berlin Funny Girl Fuochi dArtifizio Furia (2002) Fury The (1978) Futurama 1x01 - Space Pilot 3000 Futurama 1x02 - The Series Has Landed Futurama 1x03 - I Roommate Futurama 1x04 - Loves Labors Lost in Space Futurama 1x05 - Fear of a Bot Planet Futurama 1x06 - A Fishful of Dollars Futurama 1x07 - My Three Suns Futurama 1x08 - A Big Piece of Garbage Futurama 1x09 - Hell is Other Robots Futurama 2x01 - A Flight to Remember Futurama 2x02 - Mars University Futurama 2x03 - When Aliens Attack Futurama 2x04 - Fry and the Slurm Factory Futurama 3x01 - Amazon Women in the Mood Futurama 3x02 - Parasites Lost Futurama 3x03 - A Tale of Two Santas Futurama 3x04 - The Luck of the Fryrish Futurama 3x05 - The Birdbot of Ice-catraz Futurama 3x06 - Bendless Love Futurama 3x07 - The Day the Earth Stood Stupid Futurama 3x08 - Thats Lobstertainment Futurama 3x09 - The Cyber House Rules Futurama 3x10 - Insane in the Mainframe Futurama 3x10 - Where The Buggalo Roam Futurama 3x12 - The Route of All Evil Futurama 3x13 - Bendin in the Wind Futurama 3x14 - Time Keeps on Slippin Futurama 3x15 - I Dated a Robot Futurama 3x16 - A Leela of Her Own Futurama 3x17 - A Pharaoh To Remember Futurama 3x18 - Anthology of Interest Part 2 Futurama 3x19 - Roswell That Ends Well Futurama 3x20 - Godfellas Futurama 3x21 - Future Stock Futurama 3x22 - The 30 Iron Chef Futurama 4x01 - Kif Gets Knocked Up a Notch Futurama 4x02 - Leelas Homeworld Futurama 4x03 - Love and Rocket Futurama 4x04 - Less Than Hero Futurama 4x05 - A Taste of Freedom Futurama 4x06 - Bender Should Not Be Allowed on TV Futurama 4x07 - Jurassic Bark Futurama 4x08 - Crimes of the Hot Futurama 4x09 - Teenage Mutant Leelas Hurdles Futurama 4x10 - The Why of Fry Futurama 4x11 - Where no Fan Has Gone Before Futurama 4x12 - The Sting Futurama 4x13 - Bend Her Futurama 4x14 - Obsoletely Fabulous Futurama 4x15 - The Farnsworth Parabox Futurama 4x16 - Three Hundred Big Boys Futurama 4x17 - Spanish Fry Futurama 4x18 - The Devils Hands are Idle Playthings Fyra Nyanser Av Brunt CD1 Fyra Nyanser Av Brunt CD2 |